Mutagenesis vol. 12 no. 4 pp. 297-303, 1997
© 1997 UK Environmental Mutagen Society/Oxford University Press
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Inhibition of the genotoxic effects of heterocyclic amines in human derived hepatoma cells by dietary bioantimutagens
1institute of Tumor Biology and Cancer Research, University of Vienna Borschkegasse 8a, A–1090 Vienna, Austria 2MGC Department of Radiation Genetics Chemical Mutagenesis, Sylvius Laboratories, State University Leiden J.A.Cohen Institute of Radiopathology and Radiation Protection, Leiden The Netherlands 3National Cancer Research Institute Tokyo, Japan
The effects of dietary bioantimutagens (compounds which have been shown to inhibit mutagenesis via interaction with DNA repair processes) on spontaneous and heterocyclic amine (HCA)-induced micronucleus (MN) frequencies were studied in metabolically competent human hepatoma (Hep-G2) cells. All the compounds tested (coumarin, vanillin, caffeine, tannic acid and cinnamaldehyde) caused a moderate increase of MN numbers in Hep-G2 cells at high concentrations (500µg/ml); only tannic acid was also active at lower dose levels. In combination experiments with the HCA 2-amino-3-methylimidazo-[3,4-f]quinoline (IQ), posttreatment of the cells with bioantimutagens resulted in a pronounced (75–90%) decrease in MN. The most drastic effects were seen with vanillin, coumarin and caffeine which were active at concentrations 
5 µg/ml. Further experiments indicated that these compounds also attenuate the mutagenic effects of other HCAs (PhIP, MelQ, MelQx, Trp-P-1).
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