Mutagenesis, Vol. 14, No. 6, 527-532,
November 1999
© 1999 UK Environmental Mutagen Society/Oxford University Press
Frequencies of hprt– mutations and bcl-2 translocations in circulating human lymphocytes are correlated with United Kingdom sunlight records
Centre for Environmental Risk, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK, 1 SEAC Toxicology Unit, Colworth, Unilever Research, Colworth House, Sharnbrook, Bedford MK44 1LQ, UK, 2 PE Applied Biosystems, 850 Lincoln Centre Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, USA, 3 VM: Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1311 Haring Hall, UC, Davis, CA 95616, USA and 4 MRC Cell Mutation Unit, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RR and School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
Between 1983 and 1995 we have monitored human populations for evidence of exposure to environmental mutagens, taking blood samples to measure hprt– mutant frequency in T cells and more recently bcl-2 t(14:18) translocation frequency in B cells. We have now analysed data from 785 assays on 448 blood samples from 308 normal subjects and find that there is a highly significant statistical correlation between hprt– mutant frequency and the sunlight record for the 3 weeks prior to taking the blood sample. We discuss the weaknesses in retrospective studies of this nature and the possibility of spurious epidemiological correlations that may result. More controlled experiments can be envisaged that would give a firmer basis to the statistical associations observed. hprt– mutations in T cells show little evidence of a UV fingerprint, so that the correlation may be due to immunomodulation rather than mutation. We also find a correlation between the sunlight record and bcl-2 translocation. This translocation is found at a low frequency in the B cells of many normal subjects and is the commonest translocation observed in nonHodgkin's lymphoma. Our results strengthen the case for a link between sunlight and this increasingly common cancer.
5 To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +44 1603 592561; Fax: +44 1603 507719; Email: g.bentham{at}uea.ac.uk
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