Mutagenesis, Vol. 15, No. 1, 69-75,
January 2000
© 2000 UK Environmental Mutagen Society/Oxford University Press
Cytogenetic alterations and oxidative stress in thyroid cancer patients after iodine-131 therapy
1 Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, New University of Lisbon, R. da Junqueira 96, P 1349-008 Lisbon, 2 Nuclear and Technological Institute, Department of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Sacavém, Lisbon, 3 Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 4 University Lusófona, Lisbon, 5 Faculty of Sciences and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 6 Portuguese Oncology Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal and 7 Unit of Teratogenicity and Mutagenicity, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
This study aimed to assess two end-points of DNA damage, namely chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in peripheral lymphocytes, and their possible relationship with oxidative stress (which may be related to DNA damage and repair) in thyroid cancer patients receiving therapeutic doses of 131I. Nineteen patients receiving 2590 MBq (70 mCi) were studied. Chromosomal aberrations were scored using standard cytogenetic methods and micronuclei scored in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes. Oxidative stress was assessed by determining thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in blood, total plasma antioxidant status and serum uric acid levels. All parameters were assessed before treatment and 1 and 6 months after 131I administration. The frequency of micronucleated cells per 1000 binucleated cells scored (mean ± SEM) increased significantly from 5.21 ± 0.80 to 9.68 ± 1.22 1 month after treatment (P < 0.01) and to 8.42 ± 1.28 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05). The frequency of cells with chromosomal aberrations, excluding gaps, per 100 cells, increased significantly from 1.68 ± 0.41 to 3.47 ± 0.55 1 month after treatment (P < 0.01) and to 4.05 ± 0.46 6 months after treatment (P < 0.01). Oxidative stress parameters showed slight modifications over the time period studied, but the differences were not significant except for a decrease in thiobarbituric acid-reactive products 6 months after therapy (P < 0.05) and in serum uric acid concentration 1 and 6 months after therapy (P < 0.01). This report demonstrates slight but significant and persistent DNA damage in 131I-treated patients as assessed by cytogenetic assays. There was no clear correlation between the cytogenetic findings and oxidative stress parameters studied.
8 To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel: +351 21 361 0290; Fax: +351 21 362 2018; Email: rueff.gene{at}fcm.unl.pt
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