Mutagenesis, Vol. 14, No. 6, 569-580,
November 1999
© 1999 UK Environmental Mutagen Society/Oxford University Press
Validation study of the in vitro micronucleus test in a Chinese hamster lung cell line (CHL/IU)
Japan Bioassay Research Center, 2445 Hirasawa, Hadano-shi, Kanagawa 257-0015, 1 Division of Genetics and Mutagenesis, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, 2 Chromosome Research Center, Olympus Optical Co. Ltd, 2-3 Kuboyama-cho, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8512, 3 Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, 4 Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Osaka University School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871 and 5 National Institute of Industrial Health, 6-21-1, Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 214-8585, Japan
We conducted a collaborative validation study, under the auspices of the Japanese Ministry of Labour, on the in vitro micronucleus test to see if it could be used as an alternative to the in vitro chromosome aberration test for evaluation of chemical safety. We used the Chinese hamster lung cell line (CHL/IU), which is the most widely used system for the latter test in Japan, and evaluated 66 chemicals, including clastogens and polyploidy inducers. The cytochalasin B cytokinesis blocking method, which is commonly used in human lymphocyte culture, was applied to the established cell line, but did not improve the detection of chemically-induced micronuclei in continuously growing cells. The highest micronucleus frequencies were obtained at 48 or 72 h continuous treatments. In short treatments (6 h), a 42 h recovery time yielded the best responses. Concordance between the results of the micronucleus test and the chromosomal aberration test was satisfactorily high (88.7%), and we concluded that the in vitro micronucleus test could be used in place of the chromosomal aberration test as a simple and rapid method for detecting clastogens and aneugens in vitro. We also propose a protocol for the test.
6 To whom correspondence should be addressed at present address: Chromosome Research Center, Olympus Optical Co. Ltd, 2-3 Kuboyama-cho, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-8512, Japan. Tel: +81 426 91 7115; Fax: +81 426 91 7209; Email: t_sofuni{at}ot.olympus.co.jp
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