Mutagenesis Advance Access originally published online on May 30, 2006
Mutagenesis 2006 21(4):237-242; doi:10.1093/mutage/gel023
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Antioxidant, anticlastogenic and radioprotective effect of Coleus aromaticus on Chinese hamster fibroblast cells (V79) exposed to gamma radiation
Department of Radiobiology, Life Sciences Center Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
Coleus aromaticus (Benth, Family: Laminaceae), Indian Oregano native to India and Mediterranean, is well known for its medicinal properties. A preliminary study was undertaken to elucidate in vitro free radical scavenging potential and inhibition of lipid peroxidation by C.aromaticus hydroalcoholic extract (CAE). Anti-clastogenic and radioprotective potential of CAE were studied using micronucleus assay after irradiating Chinese hamster fibroblast (V79) cells. CAE at 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 µg/ml resulted in a dose-dependent increase in radical scavenging ability against various free radicals viz., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline–6–sulfonic acid) (ABTS), superoxide anion (O2•–), hydroxyl (OH•) and nitric oxide (NO•) generated in vitro. A maximum scavenging potential was noticed at 100 µg/ml and a saturation point was reached thereafter with the increasing doses of CAE. The free radical scavenging potential of the extract was in the order of DPPH > ABTS > Superoxide > Hydroxyl > Nitric oxide. CAE also exhibited a moderate inhibition of lipid peroxidation in vitro, with a maximum inhibition at 60 µg/ml (33%), attaining saturation at higher doses. The extract also rendered protection against radiation induced DNA damage, as evidenced by the significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the percentage of radiation-induced micronucleated cells (MN) and frequency of micronuclei (total). A maximum anticlastogneic effect/ radioprotection was noticed at a very low concentration i.e., 5 µg/ml of CAE, treated 1 h prior to 2 Gy of gamma radiation. A significant (P < 0.0001) anticlastogenic/radioprotective effect was also observed when the cells were treated with an optimum dose of CAE (5 µg/ml) 1 h prior to 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 Gy of gamma radiation compared with the respective radiation control groups. Overall, our results established an efficient antioxidant, anticlastogenic and radioprotective potential of CAE, which may be of great pharmacological importance.
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel:+91 820 2922814; Fax:+91 820 2571919; Email: raokmc{at}yahoo.com
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