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Mutagenesis Advance Access originally published online on September 23, 2006
Mutagenesis 2006 21(6):375-382; doi:10.1093/mutage/gel044
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the UK Environmental Mutagen Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Comparative genotoxicity of the herbicides Roundup, Stomp and Reglone in plant and mammalian test systems

Boyan D. Dimitrov1,*, Polina G. Gadeva1, Donka K. Benova2 and Maria V. Bineva2

1 Institute of Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria 2 National Center on Radiobiology and Radiation Protection 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria

The genotoxicities of the herbicides Roundup (glyphosate), Stomp (pendimethaline) and Reglone (diquat), were compared in plant (Crepis capillaris L.) and mouse bone marrow test systems using chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei. Roundup did not induce chromosomal aberrations or micronuclei in either test system. Reglone also did not induce chromosomal aberrations in either test system; however, it increased micronucleus frequency in both plant cells and mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs). The responses of the two test systems to Stomp were quite different. Stomp did not induce chromosomal aberrations in the plant cells, but increased their incidence in mouse cells; Stomp increased the frequency of micronuclei in both test systems. The induction of micronuclei in plant cells may have been due to the spindle-destroying effect of the herbicide, since all concentrations of Stomp produced C-mitoses. The increased chromosomal aberration frequency in mouse bone marrow cells observed at later sampling times after administration of Stomp into animals suggests that the induction of aberrations may be due to biosynthesis of genotoxic metabolites. This conclusion was supported by the coincidence between the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations and of micronucleated PCEs in mouse cells. These data indicate that plant and animal assays are differentially responsive to some pesticides, and these differences may be due to metabolism and their responses to mitotic spindle disruption.

*To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Cytogenetics, Institute of Genetics "Acad. D.Kostoff"—BAS, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Tel: +359 2 978 62 28/29; Fax: +359 2 978 55 16; Email: dimitrow_b{at}yahoo.com


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