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Mutagenesis Advance Access published online on August 22, 2007
Mutagenesis, doi:10.1093/mutage/gem030
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the UK Environmental Mutagen Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

32P-Post-labelling method improvements for aromatic compound-related molecular epidemiology studies

Armelle Munnia, Federica Saletta1, Alessandra Allione1, Sara Piro, Massimo Confortini, Giuseppe Matullo1,2 and Marco Peluso*

Cancer Risk Factor Branch, CSPO, Istituto Scientifico della Regione Toscana, Florence, Italy 1ISI Foundation 2Dipartimento di Genetica, Biologia e Biochimica, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy

The 32P-post-labelling assay has emerged as a major tool for detecting bulky DNA adducts in subjects exposed to carcinogens, especially aromatic compounds. However, the 32P-post-labelling protocol still requires the use of high amounts of radioactivity, i.e. 25–50 µCi per sample, an obstacle that limits its use in large studies. The characterization of the DNA adducts measured is also limited. Methodological improvements and increased DNA adduct characterization are necessary to make this assay capable of achieving higher throughput. A new protocol was tested to ensure efficient hydrolysis to reduce the use of radioactive material and to obtain higher chromatography resolution. Different chromatography systems based on high-urea or ammonium hydroxide systems were also employed to characterize the adducts being measured. Improvements were tested by re-analysing DNA adducts in a group of police officers and urban residents in Genoa, Italy. The analysis of carcinogen-modified DNA standards was also included in the study for qualitative and quantitative comparison. An efficient DNA digestion was obtained using a method involving hydrolysis by micrococcal nuclease and a mixture of two spleen phosphodiesterases at fixed concentrations. A 72% reduction of the amount of radioactivity used for labelling was achieved in respect to the non-modified protocol without loss of DNA adduct sensitivity. An improved chromatography resolution was obtained by reducing the volume of sample to be spotted on the chromatogram. Lower volume of spotting sample can decrease sample diffusion and the formation of unresolved spots on the thin-layer chromatography plate. The amount of output produced using a single batch of carrier-free [{gamma}-32P]ATP was increased by about 3.5-fold. A complex pattern of DNA adducts was observed in leukocytes using both high-urea or isopropanol–ammonium hydroxide systems, two techniques effective in the detection of aromatic DNA adducts. The above observations indicate that DNA adducts being measured are likely to have been induced by aromatic compounds.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 39 0 5532697867; Fax: 39 0 5532697879; Email: m.peluso{at}cspo.it

Received on March 2, 2007; revised on May 7, 2007; accepted on July 5, 2007.


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